Historic development
The Mastaba of Faraoun, at Saqqara.
By the time of the early dynastic period of Egyptian history, those with sufficient means were buried in bench-like structures known as mastabas.
The first historically documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed to the architect Imhotep, who planned what Egyptologists believe to be a tomb for the pharaoh Djoser. Amenhotep is credited with being the first to conceive the notion of stacking mastabas on top of each other — creating an edifice composed of a number of "steps" that decreased in size towards its apex. The result was the Step Pyramid of Djoser — which was designed to serve as a gigantic stairway by which the soul of the deceased pharaoh could ascend to the heavens. Such was the importance of Imhotep's achievement that he was deified by later Egyptians.
The most prolific pyramid-building phase coincided with the greatest degree of absolutist pharaonic rule. It was during this time that the most famous pyramids, those near Giza, were built. Over time, as authority became less centralized, the ability and willingness to harness the resources required for construction on a massive scale decreased, and later pyramids were smaller, less well-built and often hastily constructed.
Long after the end of Egypt's own pyramid-building period, a burst of pyramid-building occurred in what is present-day Sudan, after much of Egypt came under the rule of the Kings of Napata. While Napatan rule was brief and ceased in 661 BC, the Egyptian influence made an indelible impression, and during the later Sudanese Kingdom of Meroe (approximately in the period between 300 BC–300 AD) this flowered into a full-blown pyramid-building revival, which saw more than two hundred indigenous, but Egyptian-inspired royal pyramid-tombs constructed in the vicinity of the kingdom's capital city.
SUMMARY :
The passage is about Egyptian pyramids. The first, Egyptian pyramid created by Imhotep. He built the Step Pyramid of Djoser and he believed the soul of the deceased pharaoh will ascend to the heavens by stairway on pyramid.
The greatest pyramid concurred during Egypt have many absolutist pharaonic rule. Overtime, the ability and willingness people decreased and pyramid hasten to build and smaller size.
Long time ago, a burst of pyramid occurred in Sudan when Egypt came under authority of Napata. Latterly, there have pyramid revival and royal pyramid-tomb constructed near capital city.
PERSONAL RESPONSE :
I think pyramid is a wonder of the world. It must use attempt of human to build it all. It troubled to load up stone to apex of pyramid by manpower. When I was young, I hope to have a chance to go to Egypt for sightsee pyramid and other grandiose architecture. Egypt is country of history. There have a many type of pyramid that can attract many tourist.
Mr.Chotinun Techachanwichit
ID:1500102536 No.35
วันเสาร์ที่ 19 กันยายน พ.ศ. 2552
The end of Doraemon
As you know, Doraemon is a story with no ending, but this small story is about the "last episode" of the famous cartoon. Someone made this story and uploaded it to his homepage, and it is now widely spread all around Japan through the internet. Here it goes; -----
One day ,a very normal day, Nobita came back from school and went upstairs of his house. Doraemon was there sleeping, just like the other normal day. "Hey, Doraemon, please wake up, lets play!" but Doraemon does not wake up. Nobita thought that Doraemon is tired, so he went out to play with Shizuka-chan and other folks.
After few hours, he returned to his home, but Doraemon was still sleeping. Nobita felt something strange, and tried to wake him up. But there was no reply. He became to feel afraid, and tried to wake him up, but whatever he does, Doraemon did not wake up. Nobita exactly knew that something was different. This never happened before. He began crying, but though he screamed or cried, the famous fat-cat-robot did not make a single move at all. He came up to one idea, and jumped into his desk -the time machine- and went to the future to meet Dorami-chan, Doraemon's sister. He begged her for help, and forced her to go with him back to 1998.
After a short trip again back to 1998 by the time machine, Dorami-chan looked all over his brother Doraemon to see what was wrong with him. After few minutes, she said "the battery is out" Nobita was relieved, and said, "battery? so he is not broken right? please replace or recharge his battery, and put him back like before" But Dorami-chan shook her head and said, "Nobita-san, should I really do that?" Nobita said "what? what do you mean?" Dorami-chan replied; "His main battery is here, close to his pocket. And it ran out. But originally, he had a back-up battery in his ears, but as you know, his ears were eaten by a rat very many years ago, so he does not have a back-up battery now" "so what do you mean?" "I mean, if I replace his battery, every memory of you will be eternally lost from his brain program" "WHAT?????" "Shall I do that?" Nobita closed his eyes. He cried, but after few minutes, he stopped crying, and quietly told Dorami-chan; "Dorami-chan, thanks for coming here. I will take care of the rest. You have to go back to your future time now" Dorami-chan could not decide what to do, but anyway she hugged Nobita quietly, and she went back home. After she went back, Nobita carried Doraemon and placed him into the shelf.
TIME FLIES.......... Year 2010, Nobita grew up. Since that day, he changed. He studied hard, did not cry anymore, and he lived without Doraemon. He told Shizuka and other folks that Doraemon had to go back to his furure, and could not meet him anymore. Shizuka was impressed to Nobita's mysterious appearance which became completely different from 10 years ago. They fell in love, and married. Nobita became a scientist. He made a laboratory in his room, and was studying hard with his job all day. He told Shizuka not to come into the room, as it is very dangerous inside.
But one day, he called Shizuka and told her to come in to his room. It was the first time for her to enter his husband's room. The moment she went in, she lost her words...... There was her friend Doraemon, who she used to play in her childhood days. Doraemon was not moving. It seemed as he was sleeping. "Look, Shizuka, I will plug in from now" Nobita turned on the main switch of Doraemon. Doraemon quietly, very quietly started to open his eyes. It was the moment the inventor of Doraemon became clear. It was Nobita. He studied hard and hard just to meet and talk with his old friend again. Going back and forth of time, Nobita was the one who made Doraemon. He discovered all the programs and archetecture of Doraemon-type-robot. Nobita and Shizuka was crying gently.
Doraemon opened his eyes. He looked around, and finally said, "Nobita-kun, did you finish your homework?" There was the same white clouds in the sky like the times they used to spend together...
Summary
This Story says that the end of Doraemon which has story about that one day, Nobita came back from school and invite to play with Doraemon but Doraemon don’t wake up. Nobita Nobita thought that Doraemon is tired, so he went out to play with Shizuka and other friend. Whem Nobita came bake home, he saw Doraemon who don’t wake up and felt something strange, and tried to wake him up. But there was no reply. He connect Dorami-chan who to be the sister of Doraemon and begged her for help. She come back to 1988 by the time machine and check Doraemon.She said that Battery’Doraemon finish and no way modify this battery. He cried, but after few minutes, he tell no problem Dorami-chan and thank you her. Year 2010, Nobita chanced herself and study hard for something. Shizuka proud him and married with him. Nobita became a scientist. He made a laboratory in his room. Finally, he called Shizuka and told her to come in to his room. She met Doraemon who was repair electronic program by Nobita. Nobita turned on the main switch of Doraemon. Doramon discovered and said, "Nobita-kun, did you finish your homework?".
Response
Everybody would know Doraemon series when we were young. It has many series and it is a story with no ending. I am a girl who love Doraemon too much, I watched cartoon every holiday and bought everything which implicate doraemon product such as doll, stationery and decoratiomn. The end of Doraemon has many end which has different each the end. Although Doraemon has the end, it is sad the end for every audience. In my opinion, I don’t want the eng of Doraemon series because I want have the small series all time, It made me happy when I watch it and it is the series that have creativity and high imagination. Each serie obscure many benefit and children can to use in our daily.
Miss Suphansee Tantisareephattana
Section. 6911 No. 22
diet food delivery service
Are you aware of the diet food delivery service? These days there are companies who prepare a diet food and they even bring them to your doorstep. With these diet food services you need not worry about the fats and the calories.
They will provide you with a balanced diet, which has high protein, low calorie and low carb. You can order this meal for the whole family. You can serve this meal without any worry because these diet food services are much authentic.
With the help of these diet programs you can maintain a healthy diet and you will have no tension of following some other diet plans. These programs have also ensured that you not only eat healthy food but at the same time you are satisfied with the food.
This diet food delivery service is specially designed for those professionals who get little or no time at all to cook their own meals. This is when they tend to eat unhealthy foods.
The diet food delivery service is not only healthy but is also delicious at the same time. There are a lot of such diet food services available these days throughout America.
Even there are some restaurants who offer this diet food service. They prepare the food with the help of great chefs and then bring the prepared meal just at your doorstep. They can provide you the meal for the whole which you can eat part by part.
With the diet food delivery service you will get a menu which will give you an opportunity to choose your favorite dish. They prepare the food keeping in mind the various dietary needs of different people.
You just need to call the diet food service and place an order with them for the meal you want to have.
Summary
Diet food delivery is the service that prepares a diet food. They serve the food for health, which has high protein, low calorie and low crab. This service designed for people who have no time to cook their own meal. The food designed by great chefs and then it will bring to your doorstep.
Respond
I think this service is the choice that suitable for people who have no time to cook or no time to plan the meal. It’s convenient and fast. And you will get benefit for health with delicious food. I think its good choice if you looking the food for your meal.
KRITTAYA SUPROM NO.23 ID.1500101454
They will provide you with a balanced diet, which has high protein, low calorie and low carb. You can order this meal for the whole family. You can serve this meal without any worry because these diet food services are much authentic.
With the help of these diet programs you can maintain a healthy diet and you will have no tension of following some other diet plans. These programs have also ensured that you not only eat healthy food but at the same time you are satisfied with the food.
This diet food delivery service is specially designed for those professionals who get little or no time at all to cook their own meals. This is when they tend to eat unhealthy foods.
The diet food delivery service is not only healthy but is also delicious at the same time. There are a lot of such diet food services available these days throughout America.
Even there are some restaurants who offer this diet food service. They prepare the food with the help of great chefs and then bring the prepared meal just at your doorstep. They can provide you the meal for the whole which you can eat part by part.
With the diet food delivery service you will get a menu which will give you an opportunity to choose your favorite dish. They prepare the food keeping in mind the various dietary needs of different people.
You just need to call the diet food service and place an order with them for the meal you want to have.
Summary
Diet food delivery is the service that prepares a diet food. They serve the food for health, which has high protein, low calorie and low crab. This service designed for people who have no time to cook their own meal. The food designed by great chefs and then it will bring to your doorstep.
Respond
I think this service is the choice that suitable for people who have no time to cook or no time to plan the meal. It’s convenient and fast. And you will get benefit for health with delicious food. I think its good choice if you looking the food for your meal.
KRITTAYA SUPROM NO.23 ID.1500101454
Brands
Brands are accused of all sorts of evils, from threatening our health and destroying our environment to corrupting our children. Brands are so powerful, it is said, that they force us to look alike, eat alike and be alike.
This grim picture has been made popular by many recent anti-branding books. This argument has been most forcefully stated in Naomi Klein’s book, No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies. Its argument runs something like this in the new global economy, brands represent a huge portion of the value of company and, increasingly, its biggest source of profits. So companies are switching from showcasing product features to marketing aspirations and the dream of a more exciting lifestyle.
Historically, building a brand was rather simple .A logo was a straightforward guarantee of quality and consistency, or it was a signal that a product was something new. For that, Consumers were prepared to pay a premium. Building a brand nationally require little more than an occasional advertisement on a handful of television or radio stations showing how the product tasted better or drove faster. There was little regulation. It was easy for brands such as Coca Cola, Kodak and Marlboro to become hugely powerful. Because shopping was still a local business and competition limited, a successful brand could maintain its lead a high prices for years. A strong brand acted as and effective barrier to entry for competing product.
Consumers are now bombarded with choices. They are also harder to reach. They are busier, more distracted and have more media to choose from .They are “commercial veterans” experiencing up to 1500 pitches a day. Many companies in USA wrote the rules. Those focus on the product and where to sell it, not the customer. The new marketing approach is to develop a brand not a product to sell a life style or personality, to appeal the emotions.
Summary
Consumers are now bombarded with the choice of brands. They face the advertisement up to 1500 pitches a day , But these brands are blame as evils that manipulate the consumer to buy them with a higher premium. Brands are developed from showcasing product features to marketing aspiration. While the consumers have less time , they are busier and more distract in global economy nowadays. Brands stand for a guarantee quality and consistency. So they are being manipulated into buying brands.
Response
Nowadays, we are in the brand’s competition. This passage is one of the most nearest fact in our life. You can’t refuse that there are many advertisement you found in 1 day. How can you believe them ? Are you surely that is true ? I suggest you to think before you believe someone . This is why I choose this passage.
This grim picture has been made popular by many recent anti-branding books. This argument has been most forcefully stated in Naomi Klein’s book, No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies. Its argument runs something like this in the new global economy, brands represent a huge portion of the value of company and, increasingly, its biggest source of profits. So companies are switching from showcasing product features to marketing aspirations and the dream of a more exciting lifestyle.
Historically, building a brand was rather simple .A logo was a straightforward guarantee of quality and consistency, or it was a signal that a product was something new. For that, Consumers were prepared to pay a premium. Building a brand nationally require little more than an occasional advertisement on a handful of television or radio stations showing how the product tasted better or drove faster. There was little regulation. It was easy for brands such as Coca Cola, Kodak and Marlboro to become hugely powerful. Because shopping was still a local business and competition limited, a successful brand could maintain its lead a high prices for years. A strong brand acted as and effective barrier to entry for competing product.
Consumers are now bombarded with choices. They are also harder to reach. They are busier, more distracted and have more media to choose from .They are “commercial veterans” experiencing up to 1500 pitches a day. Many companies in USA wrote the rules. Those focus on the product and where to sell it, not the customer. The new marketing approach is to develop a brand not a product to sell a life style or personality, to appeal the emotions.
Origin: Intelligent Business Coursebook
Summary
Consumers are now bombarded with the choice of brands. They face the advertisement up to 1500 pitches a day , But these brands are blame as evils that manipulate the consumer to buy them with a higher premium. Brands are developed from showcasing product features to marketing aspiration. While the consumers have less time , they are busier and more distract in global economy nowadays. Brands stand for a guarantee quality and consistency. So they are being manipulated into buying brands.
Response
Nowadays, we are in the brand’s competition. This passage is one of the most nearest fact in our life. You can’t refuse that there are many advertisement you found in 1 day. How can you believe them ? Are you surely that is true ? I suggest you to think before you believe someone . This is why I choose this passage.
Miss Ladawan Nitkitsomboon
ID:1500101561
New Year History
The New Year is one of the oldest festivals of the world, dating back to the pre historic era. The New Year History itself forms an extensive area of study. The history of New Year has undergone a series of changes over the ages to achieve its global form. The urge of celebrating New Year as a vibrant festivity emerged at the dawn of civilization. At present, New Year is celebrated on January 1 and it had been an essential part of the cultural and traditional practices of the different communities inhabiting the world. This had been the practice for the last few centuries but the New Year History had its root to yet far off times. Therefore, this is the principal reason that the New Year traditions vary from country to country. The earliest instance of New Year is found in Mesopotamian culture. It was about 2000 BC, when the people of Babylon used to observe New Year celebrations on the day of the Vernal Equinox that is during the middle of March. It was the Romans, who recognized March 1 as New Year Day in their calendar. At that time there were only ten calendar months beginning from March. The relevance of this fact can still be seen in the names of some months, which were been set according to their respective sequences in the calendar. As in the calendar of the present time the months from September to December are placed as the ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth months respectively, previously they were positioned as the seventh, eighth, ninth and the tenth months. In Latin, ‘Septem’ means, seven, ‘Octo’ means, eight, ‘Novem’ means, ninth and ‘Decem’ means ten. The Roman calendar also passed through an array of rectifications. The calendar was attributed with the months of January and February in 153 BC, by Numa Pontilius, the second Roman king. Thus the festival of New Year got shifted to the month of January for the first time, although people carried on observing New Year on March 1 for quite a long time after that. This is still not the end of the New Year History. Several new calendars were been devised. Julius Caesar implemented the Julian calendar which was created based on the solar system whereas the previous calendar were based on the lunar cycle. The Christianity has added up new meaning to the New Year Celebration by lionizing the Christmas Day, the Annunciation Day and The Easter as New Year Day at various times. There had also been times when January 1 had been abolished to be celebrated as New Year altogether. It was in the Gregorian calendar established by Pope Gregory XII , New Year was firmly positioned on January 1. It was readily accepted by the Catholics and then by the Protestants and soon became a holiday recognized by the entire world slowly and steadily.
Summary
This passage points out that new year is born from culture and tradition. Start on January 1 every year calendar.
The Roman calendar add two month in calendar thus all month have twelve month everybody then use January 1 to relax and live with our family for celebrate this the big festival.
Respond
I think New Year History is the thing that it’s interesting very much education history of new year that I got knowledge and I also can tell another person. I would like to have new year festival more and more because when new year arrives everybody will feel happy and fresh. I would like to blessing to god I wish everybody include me will have happy and everything that we hope will be truth soon. I believe and wish the thing that I request will become true.
Mr.Ponwat Chankayan No.26 Sec.6911
Summary
This passage points out that new year is born from culture and tradition. Start on January 1 every year calendar.
The Roman calendar add two month in calendar thus all month have twelve month everybody then use January 1 to relax and live with our family for celebrate this the big festival.
Respond
I think New Year History is the thing that it’s interesting very much education history of new year that I got knowledge and I also can tell another person. I would like to have new year festival more and more because when new year arrives everybody will feel happy and fresh. I would like to blessing to god I wish everybody include me will have happy and everything that we hope will be truth soon. I believe and wish the thing that I request will become true.
Mr.Ponwat Chankayan No.26 Sec.6911
Galatasaray S.K.
Galatasaray Spor Kulübü (English: Galatasaray Sports Club), is a Turkish sports club based in Istanbul, most notable for its football section, also known as Galatasaray S.K.. It also fields teams in Athletics, Basketball, Wheelchair basketball, Volleyball, Water polo, Swimming, Rowing, Sailing, Judo, Bridge, Equestrian and Superleague Formula Motorsports.
The football team is the most successful in Turkish football, holding the joint record for Turkish League titles, and record number of both Turkish Cup and TSYD Cups. They are the only Turkish team to have won the UEFA Cup in 2000.
İhsan Emre Vural and his teammate Ahmet Yumrukaya became the first world-champions in the history of Turkey when they finished first in the 2004 Under 23 World Rowing Championships held in Poznań, Poland. The club's Wheelchair Basketball team won the Champions Cup in 2008 and 2009. They also won Kitakyushu Cup and became world champion in 2008.[1][2] Galatasaray women's basketball team won the FIBA Eurocup 2009
Summary
This passage say that the sport club of Turky,name is Galatasaray Sports Club.In Turkish football this team is the most successful and the basketball team had won the many champ in Europe.
Response
I think this passage is Interesting passage beacuase many Thai people don't know this club.Many Thai people had know some football club,Example, Man Utd,Liverpool,Real Madrid,Arsenal but in Europe many people know this club.This club is the biggest club in Turky and succeed many champion cup in Europe.
Mr. Jirapas Jariyawisuth
section 6911 Id 1500102619
The football team is the most successful in Turkish football, holding the joint record for Turkish League titles, and record number of both Turkish Cup and TSYD Cups. They are the only Turkish team to have won the UEFA Cup in 2000.
İhsan Emre Vural and his teammate Ahmet Yumrukaya became the first world-champions in the history of Turkey when they finished first in the 2004 Under 23 World Rowing Championships held in Poznań, Poland. The club's Wheelchair Basketball team won the Champions Cup in 2008 and 2009. They also won Kitakyushu Cup and became world champion in 2008.[1][2] Galatasaray women's basketball team won the FIBA Eurocup 2009
Summary
This passage say that the sport club of Turky,name is Galatasaray Sports Club.In Turkish football this team is the most successful and the basketball team had won the many champ in Europe.
Response
I think this passage is Interesting passage beacuase many Thai people don't know this club.Many Thai people had know some football club,Example, Man Utd,Liverpool,Real Madrid,Arsenal but in Europe many people know this club.This club is the biggest club in Turky and succeed many champion cup in Europe.
Mr. Jirapas Jariyawisuth
section 6911 Id 1500102619
Miss Universe 2009
Nassau.- Miss Venezuela, Stefania Fernandez, was crowned Sunday night as Miss Universe 2009; Miss Dominican Republic, Ada Aimee de la Cruz, was the first runner up in the 58th edition of the annual pageant, held in the Bahamas this year.
Miss Universe 2008 Dayana Mendoza of Venezuela placed the glittering $120,000 crown on 18-year-old Fernandez. It was the second consecutive year that a contestant from the oil-producing South American country, which is famous for its beauty queens, won the Miss Universe title. Venezuela had produced five previous winners.
The rest of the top five were from Australia, Puerto Rico, and Kosovo. Miss China, Wang Jingyao, was named Miss Congeniality and Miss Thailand, Chutima Durongdej, won Miss Photogenic.
The televised event included musical performances by Flo Rida, Heidi Montag, David Guetta and Kelly Rowland. Hosts were Billy Bush, co-anchor of "Access Hollywood," and Claudia Jordan, former Miss Rhode Island USA who has appeared on several TV shows. Judges include actor Dean Cain and supermodel Valeria Mazza.
Summary:
This story is talking about Miss Universe 2009, Stefania Fernandez, it was the second consecutive year of Venezuela to be the winner. Miss Wang Jingyao from China was named Miss Congeniality and Miss Chutima Durongdej from Thailand won Miss Photogenic.
Response:
Wow…I think it’s very wonderful period of Venezuela that they can win for two year continually, I have heard that Venezuela girls should practice to have a good personality since they were young such as speaking, deliver a speech, cat walk, photograph, and diet by they were chosen by The Beauty Institute of Venezuela. So it’s appropriate that Venezuela girl can win this pageant.
Miss Universe 2008 Dayana Mendoza of Venezuela placed the glittering $120,000 crown on 18-year-old Fernandez. It was the second consecutive year that a contestant from the oil-producing South American country, which is famous for its beauty queens, won the Miss Universe title. Venezuela had produced five previous winners.
The rest of the top five were from Australia, Puerto Rico, and Kosovo. Miss China, Wang Jingyao, was named Miss Congeniality and Miss Thailand, Chutima Durongdej, won Miss Photogenic.
The televised event included musical performances by Flo Rida, Heidi Montag, David Guetta and Kelly Rowland. Hosts were Billy Bush, co-anchor of "Access Hollywood," and Claudia Jordan, former Miss Rhode Island USA who has appeared on several TV shows. Judges include actor Dean Cain and supermodel Valeria Mazza.
Summary:
This story is talking about Miss Universe 2009, Stefania Fernandez, it was the second consecutive year of Venezuela to be the winner. Miss Wang Jingyao from China was named Miss Congeniality and Miss Chutima Durongdej from Thailand won Miss Photogenic.
Response:
Wow…I think it’s very wonderful period of Venezuela that they can win for two year continually, I have heard that Venezuela girls should practice to have a good personality since they were young such as speaking, deliver a speech, cat walk, photograph, and diet by they were chosen by The Beauty Institute of Venezuela. So it’s appropriate that Venezuela girl can win this pageant.
by
Mr.Sumeth Srimanchanda
ID : 1500102437
Section 6911 No.34
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